India’s Gaganyaan program will reach a critical milestone in December 2025 when Vyommitra, an AI-powered half-humanoid robot, takes off on an uncrewed test flight. ISRO Chairman V. Narayanan said that this mission will play a role in preparing for India’s first human spaceflight, which is likely scheduled for 2026. Vyommitra will simulate essential human functions during the flight, providing data on temperature, pressure, humidity, and carbon dioxide levels within the crew module.

Vyommitra, a female half-humanoid, is capable of communicating with ground control, monitoring environmental factors, and operating switch panels. These skills will enable scientists to validate life support systems, re-entry procedures, and astronaut safety measures.

The uncrewed spacecraft will also test the escape mechanism, which is important for ensuring crew safety in the event of an emergency. Nine parachutes will be deployed to ensure a safe water landing, mirroring the recovery process for future manned missions.

The Gaganyaan mission seeks to take Indian astronauts into a 400 km low Earth orbit for a three-day trip, marking a historic milestone in India’s space program. The December test flight will be an essential step towards making India the fourth nation capable of independent human spaceflight.